Tutorials Open the Studio

36 words of the trade

Stained glass glossary

The words the lessons use, from came and cartoon to quarry and zinc, and where the Studio uses them.

Bevel

A piece of thick clear glass with its edges ground at an angle. Light through the angled edges splits into colours.

Came

Strips of lead or zinc, H- or U-shaped in section, that hold the pieces of a leaded panel together. Each piece's edge sits in a channel of the came.

Cartoon

The full-size drawing of a window that the pieces are cut from. The Studio's cutting pattern is the cartoon, printed true to scale.

Print the cutting pattern true to scale
Cathedral glass

Transparent coloured glass, smooth or textured, that you can see through.

Choose from the glass library
Cement

A putty brushed under the flanges of the came once a leaded panel is soldered, to seal it and stiffen it.

Colourway

One choice of glass for every piece of a pattern. A pattern can keep several and switch between them.

Keep colourways side by side
Copper foil

Thin copper tape wrapped round the edge of every piece, the foiled pieces then soldered together along every seam. Also called the Tiffany method.

Cut line

The line a piece is cut to. For lead came it falls inside the lead line, leaving room for the came's heart; for copper foil it falls almost on it.

Flange

The face of a came that lies over the glass, one each side of the heart. Also called the leaf.

Fracture-streamer

Glass with thin flakes of colour (fractures) and threads of colour (streamers) fused into it.

Choose from the glass library
Glue chip

Glass with a frosted, fern-like texture, made by drying hide glue on its surface until it flakes away.

Grain

The direction of a glass's streaks, reeds or texture. Pieces cut with the grain running one way across a panel look intended; set a grain angle and the cutting pattern prints an arrow on each piece.

Choose from the glass library
Grinder

A machine with a diamond bit that grinds a piece's edge to its line. Foiled pieces need it to fit closely.

Grozing

Nibbling a piece's edge back with grozing pliers after it is scored and broken.

H-came

Came with a channel each side of its heart, for a lead line with glass on both sides.

Heart

The web in the middle of a came, between its two channels. The pieces either side of a lead line are cut short of it by half the heart's thickness.

Inside curve

A curve cut into a piece. A deep one is hard to break out of a sheet and may need relief scores, or a lead line across it.

Check that the glass can be cut
Lead line

A line on the pattern where two pieces meet, which becomes a came or a foil seam. In the Studio every line you draw is a lead line.

Draw lead lines
Leaded light

A window of clear or tinted pieces held in lead came, such as a cottage window of quarries.

Opalescent glass

Glass with white in it, so it scatters light: it glows, but you cannot see through it.

Choose from the glass library
Patina

A chemical that colours solder and came after the panel is cleaned: black, or copper. The Preview shows both.

See your panel in light
Pattern plan

The drawing of the whole panel you work from at the bench: every piece numbered, every glass lettered, with a colour key.

The pattern plan and its colour key
Pattern shears

Scissors with three blades that cut a paper pattern piece out and take away a strip the width of the came's heart, or of the foil, at the same time.

Pressed jewel

A faceted glass gem, pressed in a mould, set into a panel as one piece.

Choose from the glass library
Quarry

A small diamond or rectangular piece, repeated across a window's field in a grid.

Shapes, grids and radial designs
Registration marks

Marks at the corners of each printed sheet, to line the sheets up when you tape them together.

Print the cutting pattern true to scale
Reinforcing bar

A strip or rod soldered across or along a large panel so it does not bow under its own weight.

Rondel

A round disc of glass spun out while hot, thicker at its centre and ringed, set into a window as one piece.

Score

The line a glass cutter's wheel leaves on the sheet. The glass breaks along it.

Seedy glass

Clear or tinted glass with small bubbles, called seeds, held in it.

Sliver

A long, thin piece, likely to break as it is cut. The Studio flags them.

Check that the glass can be cut
Solder

A tin and lead alloy melted with an iron to join came at its joints, or run in a bead along a copper foil seam.

Streaky glass

Glass with two or more colours swirled through it in streaks.

Choose from the glass library
Tinning

Coating copper foil with a thin layer of solder before the bead is run.

U-came

Came with one channel, for a lead with glass on one side only: the outside edge of a panel.

Zinc came

Came made of zinc, stiffer than lead, used round the outside of a panel as its frame.